This Patch makes gpio_init precalculate the pin mask once,
This Patch makes gpio_init of atmega_common configure the pin as an input and configure the pullup in the case of GPIO_IN_PU.
GPIO_IN_PU and GPIO_IN need to change pullup so they need to change output (this is coverd by the not touching outputs is not guaranteed statement)
(this is a special case for atmega the pull_up is configured by writing 1 to the port_register which is also the level of the output if the pin is configured to output).
This fix makes it more compliant to comments in periph/gpio.h
fixes the GPIO_LOW interrupt on the atmega platform.
It results from trying to shift GPIO_LOW. Since it is 0, it is not shiftable and will not be set correctly.
There were more issues with the other flanks too, as they are 0b01 or 0b00. If 0b11 was set as a flank before it would not be able to switch to any other mode anymore. Now the bits get cleared before the new flank will be written.
use generic avr/libc definition for conditionnal compilation.
eg: use #ifdef(PORTG) or #ifdef(TIMER_0_ISRC) instead of #ifdef(Atmega328p)
This is more generic and simplify future boards support.
Makes AVR register definitions dependent on what avr-libc defines
for a given MCU, rather then duplicating that effort here.
Definitions done in this way are based on functionality provided,
rather than a specific MCU device.
