2018-07-26 11:48:55 +02:00
|
|
|
/**
|
|
|
|
|
@defgroup boards_arduino-mega2560 Arduino Mega 2560
|
|
|
|
|
@ingroup boards
|
|
|
|
|
@brief Support for the Arduino Mega 2560 board
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Overview
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Arduino Mega2560 is one of the larger Arduino boards. It is based on
|
|
|
|
|
Atmel's AVR architecture and sports an ATmega2560 MCU. It is like many Arduinos
|
|
|
|
|
extensible by using shields.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NOTE: In case you are wondering if flashing RIOT on your Arduino Mega2560
|
|
|
|
|
will overwrite the Arduino bootloader: you can be reassured. After flashing RIOT
|
|
|
|
|
you can without any intermediate steps just go over to flashing Arduino sketches
|
|
|
|
|
again.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Hardware
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### MCU
|
|
|
|
|
| MCU | ATmega2560 |
|
|
|
|
|
|:------------- |:--------------------- |
|
|
|
|
|
| Family | AVR/ATmega |
|
|
|
|
|
| Vendor | Atmel |
|
|
|
|
|
| RAM | 8Kb |
|
|
|
|
|
| Flash | 256Kb |
|
|
|
|
|
| Frequency | 16MHz |
|
|
|
|
|
| Timers | 6 (2x 8bit, 4x 16bit) |
|
|
|
|
|
| ADCs | 14 analog input pins (10bit resolution|
|
|
|
|
|
| UARTs | 4 |
|
|
|
|
|
| SPIs | 1 |
|
|
|
|
|
| I2Cs | 1 (called TWI) |
|
|
|
|
|
| Vcc | 5.0V |
|
|
|
|
|
| Datasheet / Reference Manual | [Datasheet and Reference Manual](http://www.atmel.com/images/atmel-2549-8-bit-avr-microcontroller-atmega640-1280-1281-2560-2561_datasheet.pdf) |
|
|
|
|
|
| Board Manual | [Board Manual](http://arduino.cc/en/Main/arduinoBoardMega2560)|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Flashing RIOT on the Arduino Mega2560 is quite straight forward, just connect
|
|
|
|
|
your Arduino Mega2560 using the programming port to your host computer and type:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
`make BOARD=arduino-mega2560 flash`
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
This should take care of everything!
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
We use the open `avrdude` tool to write the new code into the ATmega2560's
|
|
|
|
|
flash
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019-08-01 09:26:10 +02:00
|
|
|
## Pin Change Interrupts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
More pins can be used for hardware interrupts using the Pin Change
|
|
|
|
|
Interrupt feature. See @ref boards_common_atmega for details.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2018-07-26 11:48:55 +02:00
|
|
|
## State
|
|
|
|
|
While there is basic support in RIOT, there are still some parts missing:
|
|
|
|
|
* Timer implementation needs love (ideally simulate a 32bit timer by adding
|
|
|
|
|
an overflow counter to the implementation)
|
|
|
|
|
* LPM driver missing
|
|
|
|
|
* ~~SPI driver missing~~ (See https://github.com/RIOT-OS/RIOT/pull/4045)
|
|
|
|
|
* I2C/TWI driver missing
|
|
|
|
|
* ADC driver missing
|
|
|
|
|
* PWM driver missing
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Debugging (WIP)
|
|
|
|
|
The ATmega2560 MCU supports JTAG debugging. To use the JTAG debugging on the
|
|
|
|
|
Arduino Mega 2560 an external JTAG debugger is required. There are several
|
|
|
|
|
options for this MCU/board:
|
|
|
|
|
* [AVR JTAGICE mkII](http://www.atmel.com/tools/avrjtagicemkii.aspx)
|
|
|
|
|
* [JTAGICE3](http://www.atmel.com/tools/jtagice3.aspx)
|
|
|
|
|
* [AVR Dragon](http://www.atmel.com/tools/avrdragon.aspx)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
There may be other options as well, but I can't comment on how well they
|
|
|
|
|
work. I tested debugging RIOT on the Arduino Mega 2560 using an AVR Dragon.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
**Important:** To use a JTAG Debugger in conjunction with the ATmega2560 it
|
|
|
|
|
is required to change the fuses of the MCU. Additionally it seems to be required
|
|
|
|
|
to overwrite the bootloader on the MCU. Because of that it is a necessity to use
|
|
|
|
|
an ISP (in system programmer) to do the debugging. This isn't an issue because
|
|
|
|
|
all of the afore mentioned devices have ISP capabilities, but it requires some
|
|
|
|
|
additional steps to get back normal operation after debugging:
|
|
|
|
|
* flash a new arduino bootloader on the device, e.g. [this one](https://raw.
|
|
|
|
|
githubusercontent.com/arduino/Arduino/master/hardware/arduino/bootloaders/stk500
|
|
|
|
|
v2/stk500boot_v2_mega2560.hex)
|
|
|
|
|
* restore the fuses to the default state.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Wiring for the AVR Dragon
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In contrast to normal use (USB only), for debugging there are two separate
|
|
|
|
|
wiring changes to do:
|
|
|
|
|
* connecting the ISP headers (picture: orange cables).
|
|
|
|
|
* connecting the JTAG header to the respective pins on the Arduino (picture:
|
|
|
|
|
blue cables)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Connecting the ISP headers is straight forward: Pin1 on the Dragon connects
|
|
|
|
|
to Pin1 on the Arduino Mega2560 and so on.
|
|
|
|
|
Connecting the JTAG header needs the following pin mapping:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|AVR Dragon | Arduino Mega 2560|Signal|
|
|
|
|
|
|:----------|:-----------------|:-----|
|
|
|
|
|
|JTAG1 |A4 |TCK |
|
|
|
|
|
|JTAG2 o. 10|GND |GND |
|
|
|
|
|
|JTAG3 |A6 |TDO |
|
|
|
|
|
|JTAG4 |+5V |+5V |
|
|
|
|
|
|JTAG5 |A5 |TMS |
|
|
|
|
|
|JTAG9 |A7 |TDI |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ax refers to the analog in pins on the Arduino Mega 2560.
|
|
|
|
|
JTAG2 and JTAG10 on the AVR Dragon are both GND, one connection suffices.
|
|
|
|
|
All other JTAG Pins are not needed for debugging the Arduino Mega2560
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Additional information can be found
|
|
|
|
|
[here](http://automation.binarysage.net/?p=1515) or
|
|
|
|
|
[here](http://arduino.cc/en/Hacking/PinMapping2560).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Fuses
|
|
|
|
|
**default:**
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Fuse | Setting |
|
|
|
|
|
|:--------------|:--------|
|
|
|
|
|
| Low Fuse | 0xFF |
|
|
|
|
|
| High Fuse | 0xD8 |
|
|
|
|
|
| Extended Fuse | 0xFD |
|
|
|
|
|
avrdude arguments: `-U lfuse:w:0xff:m -U hfuse:w:0xD8:m -U efuse:w:0xfd:m`
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
**debugging:**
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Fuse | Setting |
|
|
|
|
|
|:--------------|:--------|
|
|
|
|
|
| Low Fuse | 0xFF |
|
|
|
|
|
| High Fuse | 0x18 |
|
|
|
|
|
| Extended Fuse | 0xFD |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Both `OCDEN` and `JTAGEN` fuse bits are enabled)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
avrdude arguments: `-U lfuse:w:0xff:m -U hfuse:w:0x18:m -U efuse:w:0xfd:m`
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A useful tool to calculate fuse settings yourself is this [fuse
|
|
|
|
|
calculator](http://www.engbedded.com/fusecalc/), which also works with other AVR
|
|
|
|
|
MCUs.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Debugging RIOT on the Arduino Mega 2560
|
|
|
|
|
With PR [#1696](https://github.com/RIOT-OS/RIOT/pull/1696) merged the
|
|
|
|
|
following commands should work for debugging:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
`make BOARD=arduino-mega2560 debug-server`: starts an
|
|
|
|
|
[avarice](http://avarice.sourceforge.net/) (avarice needs to be installed)
|
|
|
|
|
server that `avr-gdb` can connect to.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
`make BOARD=arduino-mega2560 debug`: starts an avarice server and connects
|
|
|
|
|
`avr-gdb` to it.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
**Note:** To flash the board via the ISP while debugging the additional flag
|
|
|
|
|
`PROGRAMMER=dragon_isp` is required.
|
|
|
|
|
For a full rebuild and debug cycle use the following command:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
`make BOARD=arduino-mega2560 PROGRAMMER=dragon_isp clean all flash debug`
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# Mac OSX El Capitan users
|
|
|
|
|
Mac users can flash this Arduino board by installing `avr-gcc` and `avrdude`
|
|
|
|
|
from `brew`.
|
|
|
|
|
Debug is possible but is not covered in this wiki, if you need it, please
|
|
|
|
|
refer to this [page](https://www.obdev.at/products/crosspack/index.html).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Toolchain installation
|
|
|
|
|
You should have installed `brew` to follow this instructions. Otherwise,
|
|
|
|
|
[install](http://digitizor.com/install-homebrew-osx-el-capitan/) it.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Then, add a repository:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
$ brew tap osx-cross/avr
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Afterwards, install `avr-gcc`:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
$ brew install avr-libc
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
And finally:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
$ brew install avrdude --with-usb
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
With this you should be allowed to compile and to flash code to the Arduino
|
|
|
|
|
Mega.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Troubleshooting for serial connection
|
|
|
|
|
In OSX El Capitan, there is no native driver working for the serial
|
|
|
|
|
connection.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In order to install it, you must download and install a CDC-ACM driver from
|
|
|
|
|
[here](http://eng.aten.eu/products/Mobility-&-USB/USB-Converters/USB-to-Serial-
|
|
|
|
|
Converter~UC232A.html) (Go to Resources/Software & Driver/Mac Software).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A reboot should be enough to find your Arduino on `/dev/tty.usbmodem*`
|
|
|
|
|
*/
|
