Unittests
Building and running tests
Tests can be built by calling:
cd tests/unittests
make
If there are tests for a module you even can build tests specifically for this module:
make tests-<module>
# e.g.
make tests-core
You then can run the tests by calling
make term
or flash them to your board as you would flash any RIOT application to the board (see board documentation|RIOT-Platforms).
You can debug your tests by running
make debug
and using GDB as usual.
Other output formats
Other output formats using embUnit's textui library are available by setting the environment variable OUTPUT:
- Compiler:
OUTPUT="COMPILER" - Text:
OUTPUT="TEXT" - XML:
OUTPUT="XML" - Color:
OUTPUT="COLOR"(like default, but with red/green output) - Colored-Text:
OUTPUT="COLORTEXT"(likeTEXT, but with red/green output)
Compile example
OUTPUT="COMPILER" make tests-core
make term
(only outputs in case of test failures)
Text example
OUTPUT="TEXT" make tests-core
make term
- core_bitarithm_tests
1) OK test_SETBIT_null_null
2) OK test_SETBIT_null_limit
3) ...
- core_clist_tests
25) ...
- ...
OK (... tests)
XML example
OUTPUT="XML" make tests-core
make term
<?xml version="1.0" encoding='shift_jis' standalone='yes' ?>
<TestRun>
<core_bitarithm_tests>
<Test id="1">
<Name>test_SETBIT_null_null</Name>
</Test>
<Test id="2">
<Name>test_SETBIT_null_limit</Name>
</Test>
...
</core_bitarithm_tests>
<core_clist_tests>
<Test id="25">
<Name>test_clist_add_one</Name>
</Test>
...
</core_clist_tests>
<Statistics>
<Tests>...</Tests>
</Statistics>
</TestRun>
Writing unit tests
File struture
RIOT uses embUnit for unit testing.
All unit tests are organized in tests/unittests and can be built module-wise, if needed.
For each module there exists a tests-<modulename>/tests-<modulename>.h file, at least one C file in tests-<modulename>/ and a tests-<modulename>/Makefile.
It is recommended to add a C file named tests-<modulename>/tests-<modulename>-<headername>.c for every header file that defines functions (or macros) implemented in the module.
If there is only one such header file tests-<modulename>/tests-<modulename>.c should suffice.
Each *.c file should implement a function defined in tests-<modulename>/tests-<modulename>.h, named like
Test *tests_<modulename>_<headername>_tests(void);
/* or respectively */
Test *tests_<modulename>_tests(void);
Testing a module
To write new tests for a module you need to do three things:
- Create a Makefile: add a file
tests-<modulename>/Makefile - Define a test header: add a file
tests-<modulename>/tests-<modulename>.h - Implement tests: for each header file, that defines a function or macro implemented or related to the module, add a file
tests-<modulename>/tests-<modulename>-<headername>.cortests-<modulename>/tests-<modulename>.cif there is only one header.
Create a Makefile
The Makefile should have the following content:
include $(RIOTBASE)/Makefile.base
Define a test header.
The test header tests-<modulename>/tests-<module>.h of a module you add to tests/unittests/ should have the following structure
/*
* Copyright (C) <year> <author>
*
* This file is subject to the terms and conditions of the GNU Lesser
* General Public License v2.1. See the file LICENSE in the top level
* directory for more details.
*/
/**
* @addtogroup unittests
* @{
*
* @file
* @brief Unittests for the ``module`` module
*
* @author <author>
*/
#ifndef TESTS_<MODULE>_H
#define TESTS_<MODULE>_H
#include "embUnit/embUnit.h"
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
/**
* @brief Generates tests for <header1>.h
*
* @return embUnit tests if successful, NULL if not.
*/
Test *tests_<module>_<header1>_tests(void);
/**
* @brief Generates tests for <header2>.h
*
* @return embUnit tests if successful, NULL if not.
*/
Test *tests_<module>_<header2>_tests(void);
/* ... */
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif /* TESTS_<MODULE>_H */
/** @} */
Implement tests
Every tests-<modulename>/tests-<module>*.c file you add to tests/unittests/ should have the following structure:
/*
* Copyright (C) <year> <author>
*
* This file is subject to the terms and conditions of the GNU Lesser
* General Public License v2.1. See the file LICENSE in the top level
* directory for more details.
*/
/* clib includes */
#include "embUnit.h"
#include "<header>.h"
#include "tests-<module>.h"
/* your macros */
/* your global variables */
static void set_up(void)
{
/* omit if not needed */
}
static void tear_down(void)
{
/* omit if not needed */
}
static void test_<function1>_<what1>(void) {
/* ... */
TEST_ASSERT(/* ... */);
}
static void test_<function1>_<what2>(void) {
/* ... */
TEST_ASSERT(/* ... */);
}
/* ... */
static void test_<function2>_<what1>(void) {
/* ... */
TEST_ASSERT(/* ... */);
}
static void test_<function2>_<what2>(void) {
/* ... */
TEST_ASSERT(/* ... */);
}
/* ... */
Test *tests_<module>_<header>_tests(void)
{
EMB_UNIT_TESTFIXTURES(fixtures) {
new_TestFixture(test_<function1>_<what1>),
new_TestFixture(test_<function1>_<what2>),
new_TestFixture(test_<function2>_<what1>),
new_TestFixture(test_<function2>_<what2>),
/* ... */
};
EMB_UNIT_TESTCALLER(<module>_<header>_tests,
tests_<module>_<header>_set_up,
tests_<module>_<header>_tear_down, fixtures);
/* set up and tear down function can be NULL if omitted */
return (Test *)&<module>_<header>;
}
The following assertion macros are available via embUnit
| Assertion | Description |
|---|---|
TEST_ASSERT_EQUAL_STRING(expected,actual)
|
Assert that strings actual and expected are equivalent |
TEST_ASSERT_EQUAL_INT(expected,actual)
|
Assert that integers actual and expected are equivalent |
TEST_ASSERT_NULL(pointer)
|
Assert that pointer == NULL
|
TEST_ASSERT_NOT_NULL(pointer)
|
Assert that pointer != NULL
|
TEST_ASSERT_MESSAGE(condition, message)
|
Assert that condition is TRUE (non-zero) or output customized message on failure.
|
TEST_ASSERT(condition)
|
Assert that condition is TRUE (non-zero)
|
TEST_FAIL(message)
|
Register a failed assertion with the specified message. No logical test is performed. |