Moving atmega_stdio_init() to cpu_init() just before periph_init() guarantees
that stdio is available to allow DEBUG() in periph_init(). This also helps to
unify the boot up process of ATmega boards and de-duplicates the stdio init from
board_init().
- Moved code for periph_conf of all ATmega based boards to boards/common/atmega
- Added possibility to override config from individual board:
- Named file `periph_conf_atmega_common.h` and let this be included from
`board/$BOARD/include/periph_conf.h` to allow modifications
- Guarded individual periph configs by `#ifndef $PERIPH_NUMOF` ... `#endif`
