- removed the __attribute__((naked)) from ISRs
- removed ISR_ENTER() and ISR_EXIT() macros
Rationale: Cortex-Mx MCUs save registers R0-R4 automatically
on calling ISRs. The naked attribute tells the compiler not
to save any other registers. This is fine, as long as the
code in the ISR is not nested. If nested, it will use also
R4 and R5, which will then lead to currupted registers on
exit of the ISR. Removing the naked will fix this.
Instead of using differing integer types use kernel_pid_t for process
identifier. This type is introduced in a new header file to avoid
circular dependencies.
For many modules the `Makefile` contains a line like
```
MODULE:=$(shell basename $(CURDIR))
```
This conclusively shows that we do not have to set the module name
manually.
This PR removes the need to set the module name manually, if it is the
same as the basename. E.g. for `…/sys/vtimer/Makefile` the variable
make `MODULE` will still be `vtimer`, because it is the basename of the
Makefile.
