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sys: Add clif (CoRE Link Format) module

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This module implements a simple encoder and decoder of CoRE Link Format
(RFC 6690).
This commit is contained in:
Leandro Lanzieri 2019-09-26 15:08:53 +02:00
parent 0e7c3bd2b7
commit 5febec820d
5 changed files with 828 additions and 0 deletions
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4
sys/Makefile.include
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@ -97,3 +97,7 @@ endif
ifneq (native,$(BOARD))
INCLUDES += -I$(RIOTBASE)/sys/libc/include
endif
ifneq (,$(filter clif, $(USEMODULE)))
INCLUDES += -I$(RIOTBASE)/sys/clif/include
endif

1
sys/clif/Makefile Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1 @@
include $(RIOTBASE)/Makefile.base

351
sys/clif/clif.c Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,351 @@
/*
* Copyright (c) 2019 HAW Hamburg
*
* This file is subject to the terms and conditions of the GNU Lesser
* General Public License v2.1. See the file LICENSE in the top level
* directory for more details.
*/
/**
* @ingroup sys_clif
* @{
*
* @file
* @brief CoRE Link format encoding and decoding library implementation
*
* @author Leandro Lanzieri <leandro.lanzieri@haw-hamburg.de>
* @}
*/
#include <assert.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include "clif.h"
#include "clif_internal.h"
#define ENABLE_DEBUG (0)
#include "debug.h"
/* returns the correspondant attribute string */
static const char *_attr_to_str[] = {
[CLIF_ATTR_ANCHOR] = LF_ATTR_ANCHOR,
[CLIF_ATTR_REL] = LF_ATTR_REL_TYPE,
[CLIF_ATTR_LANG] = LF_ATTR_LANG,
[CLIF_ATTR_MEDIA] = LF_ATTR_MEDIA,
[CLIF_ATTR_TITLE] = LF_ATTR_TITLE,
[CLIF_ATTR_TITLE_EXT] = LF_ATTR_TITLE_EXT,
[CLIF_ATTR_TYPE] = LF_ATTR_TYPE,
[CLIF_ATTR_RT] = LF_ATTR_RES_TYPE,
[CLIF_ATTR_IF] = LF_ATTR_IF_DESC,
[CLIF_ATTR_SZ] = LF_ATTR_SIZE,
[CLIF_ATTR_CT] = LF_ATTR_CT,
[CLIF_ATTR_OBS] = LF_ATTR_OBS
};
/* returns the correspondant attribute string size */
static const unsigned _attr_to_size[] = {
[CLIF_ATTR_ANCHOR] = LF_ATTR_ANCHOR_S,
[CLIF_ATTR_REL] = LF_ATTR_REL_TYPE_S,
[CLIF_ATTR_LANG] = LF_ATTR_LANG_S,
[CLIF_ATTR_MEDIA] = LF_ATTR_MEDIA_S,
[CLIF_ATTR_TITLE] = LF_ATTR_TITLE_S,
[CLIF_ATTR_TITLE_EXT] = LF_ATTR_TITLE_EXT_S,
[CLIF_ATTR_TYPE] = LF_ATTR_TYPE_S,
[CLIF_ATTR_RT] = LF_ATTR_RES_TYPE_S,
[CLIF_ATTR_IF] = LF_ATTR_IF_DESC_S,
[CLIF_ATTR_SZ] = LF_ATTR_SIZE_S,
[CLIF_ATTR_CT] = LF_ATTR_CT_S,
[CLIF_ATTR_OBS] = LF_ATTR_OBS_S
};
/* do not count extension attr type */
#define ATTRS_NUMOF (sizeof(_attr_to_str) / sizeof(_attr_to_str[0]))
ssize_t clif_decode_link(clif_t *link, clif_attr_t *attrs, unsigned attrs_len,
const char *buf, size_t maxlen)
{
assert(buf);
assert(link);
char *pos;
const char *end = buf + maxlen;
clif_attr_t _dummy_attr;
ssize_t size = clif_get_target(buf, maxlen, &pos);
if (size < 0) {
return CLIF_NOT_FOUND;
}
link->target = pos;
link->target_len = size;
link->attrs_len = 0;
link->attrs = attrs;
pos += size + 1; /* escape the '>' */
DEBUG("Found target (%u): %.*s\n", (unsigned)size, (unsigned)size,
link->target);
/* if there is no attr array iterate over the buffer, if not until all
* the array is used */
while ((!attrs && pos < end) || (attrs && link->attrs_len < attrs_len)) {
clif_attr_t *attr = attrs ? &attrs[link->attrs_len] : &_dummy_attr;
size = clif_get_attr(pos, end - pos, attr);
if (size < 0) {
break;
}
pos += size;
link->attrs_len++;
}
return pos - buf;
}
ssize_t clif_encode_link(const clif_t *link, char *buf, size_t maxlen)
{
assert(link);
size_t pos = 0;
ssize_t res = 0;
res = clif_add_target(link->target, buf, maxlen);
if (res < 0) {
return res;
}
pos += res;
for (unsigned i = 0; i < link->attrs_len; i++) {
res = clif_add_attr(&link->attrs[i], buf ? &buf[pos] : NULL,
maxlen - pos);
if (res <= 0) {
return res;
}
pos += res;
}
return pos;
}
ssize_t clif_add_target(const char *target, char *buf, size_t maxlen)
{
assert(target);
size_t pos = 0;
size_t target_len = strlen(target);
if (!buf) {
return target_len + 2; /* size after adding '<' and '>' */
}
if ((target_len + 2) > maxlen) {
return CLIF_NO_SPACE;
}
buf[pos++] = LF_PATH_BEGIN_C;
memcpy(&buf[pos], target, target_len);
pos += target_len;
buf[pos++] = LF_PATH_END_C;
return pos;
}
ssize_t clif_add_link_separator(char *buf, size_t maxlen)
{
if (!buf) {
return 1;
}
if (maxlen < 1) {
return CLIF_NO_SPACE;
}
*buf = LF_LINK_SEPARATOR_C;
return 1;
}
ssize_t clif_add_attr(clif_attr_t *attr, char *buf, size_t maxlen)
{
assert(attr);
assert(attr->key);
/* if no length given, calculate it */
if (!attr->key_len) {
attr->key_len = strlen(attr->key);
}
/* count attr name size and separator ';' */
size_t req_space = attr->key_len + 1;
size_t pos = 0;
int quoted = strcmp(attr->key, LF_ATTR_SIZE) ? 1 : 0;
if (attr->value) {
if (!attr->value_len) {
attr->value_len = strlen(attr->value);
}
/* count also '=' */
req_space += attr->value_len + 1;
}
if (quoted) {
req_space += 2;
}
if (!buf) {
return req_space;
}
if (req_space > maxlen) {
return CLIF_NO_SPACE;
}
/* add attribute separator ';' */
buf[pos++] = LF_ATTR_SEPARATOR_C;
/* add attribute name */
memcpy(&buf[pos], attr->key, attr->key_len);
pos += attr->key_len;
/* add attribute value if defined */
if (attr->value) {
buf[pos++] = LF_ATTR_VAL_SEPARATOR_C;
if (quoted) {
buf[pos++] = '"';
}
memcpy(&buf[pos], attr->value, attr->value_len);
pos += attr->value_len;
if (quoted) {
buf[pos++] = '"';
}
}
return pos;
}
ssize_t clif_get_target(const char *input, size_t input_len, char **output)
{
assert(input);
char *target_end;
*output = memchr(input, LF_PATH_BEGIN_C, input_len);
if (!*output) {
DEBUG("Path start not found\n");
return CLIF_NOT_FOUND;
}
*output += 1;
target_end = memchr(*output, LF_PATH_END_C, (input + input_len) - *output);
if (!target_end) {
DEBUG("Path end not found\n");
return CLIF_NOT_FOUND;
}
ssize_t res = target_end - *output;
return res;
}
ssize_t clif_get_attr(const char *input, size_t input_len, clif_attr_t *attr)
{
assert(input);
assert(attr);
const char *pos = input;
const char *end = input + input_len;
bool quoted = false;
bool scan_value = false;
/* initialize attr */
attr->value = NULL;
attr->key = NULL;
/* an attribute should start with the separator */
if (*pos != LF_ATTR_SEPARATOR_C) {
DEBUG("Attribute should start with separator, found %c\n", *pos);
return CLIF_NOT_FOUND;
}
pos++;
attr->key = pos;
/* iterate over key */
while (pos < end) {
if (*pos == LF_ATTR_SEPARATOR_C || *pos == LF_LINK_SEPARATOR_C) {
/* key ends, no value */
attr->key_len = pos - attr->key;
break;
}
if (*pos == LF_ATTR_VAL_SEPARATOR_C) {
/* key ends, has value */
attr->key_len = pos - attr->key;
/* check if the value is quoted and prepare pointer for value scan */
pos++;
if (*pos == '"') {
quoted = true;
pos++;
}
attr->value = (char *)pos;
scan_value = true;
break;
}
pos++;
}
if (scan_value) {
/* iterate over value */
while (pos < end) {
if (quoted) {
if (*pos == '"' && *(pos - 1) != '\\') {
/* found unescaped quote */
attr->value_len = pos - attr->value;
pos++;
break;
}
}
else {
if (*pos == LF_ATTR_SEPARATOR_C || *pos == LF_LINK_SEPARATOR_C) {
/* value ends */
attr->value_len = pos - attr->value;
break;
}
}
pos++;
}
}
else {
/* buffer exhausted and no special character found, calculate length of
* attribute and exit */
attr->key_len = pos - attr->key;
}
return pos - input;
}
ssize_t clif_attr_type_to_str(clif_attr_type_t type, const char **str)
{
if (type < ATTRS_NUMOF) {
*str = _attr_to_str[type];
return _attr_to_size[type];
}
return CLIF_NOT_FOUND;
}
clif_attr_type_t clif_get_attr_type(const char *input, size_t input_len)
{
assert(input);
assert(input_len > 0);
clif_attr_type_t ret = CLIF_ATTR_EXT;
for (unsigned i = 0; i < ATTRS_NUMOF; i++) {
if (input_len == _attr_to_size[i] &&
!strncmp(input, _attr_to_str[i], input_len)) {
ret = i;
break;
}
}
return ret;
}
int clif_init_attr(clif_attr_t *attr, clif_attr_type_t type)
{
assert(attr);
attr->key_len = clif_attr_type_to_str(type, &attr->key);
return attr->key_len > 0 ? 0 : CLIF_NOT_FOUND;
}

155
sys/clif/include/clif_internal.h Normal file
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/*
* Copyright (C) 2019 HAW Hamburg
*
* This file is subject to the terms and conditions of the GNU Lesser
* General Public License v2.1. See the file LICENSE in the top level
* directory for more details.
*/
/**
* @ingroup sys_clif
*
* @{
*
* @file
* @brief Internal definitions for CoRE Link format module
*
* @author Leandro Lanzieri <leandro.lanzieri@haw-hamburg.de>
*/
#ifndef CLIF_INTERNAL_H
#define CLIF_INTERNAL_H
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
#define _P_SIZE(p) (sizeof(p) - 1)
/**
* @brief link format path initial character
*/
#define LF_PATH_BEGIN_C '<'
/**
* @brief link format path final character
*/
#define LF_PATH_END_C '>'
/**
* @brief link format link separator character
*/
#define LF_LINK_SEPARATOR_C ','
/**
* @brief link format attribute separator character
*
*/
#define LF_ATTR_SEPARATOR_C ';'
/**
* @brief link format attribute value separator character
*/
#define LF_ATTR_VAL_SEPARATOR_C '='
/**
* @name Anchor attribute
* @{
*/
#define LF_ATTR_ANCHOR "anchor" /**< attr name */
#define LF_ATTR_ANCHOR_S _P_SIZE(LF_ATTR_ANCHOR) /**< attr name length */
/** @} */
/**
* @name Relation type attribute
* @{
*/
#define LF_ATTR_REL_TYPE "rel" /**< attr name */
#define LF_ATTR_REL_TYPE_S _P_SIZE(LF_ATTR_REL_TYPE) /**< attr name length */
/** @} */
/**
* @name Language attribute
* @{
*/
#define LF_ATTR_LANG "hreflang" /**< attr name */
#define LF_ATTR_LANG_S _P_SIZE(LF_ATTR_LANG) /**< attr name length */
/** @} */
/**
* @name Media attribute
* @{
*/
#define LF_ATTR_MEDIA "media" /**< attr name */
#define LF_ATTR_MEDIA_S _P_SIZE(LF_ATTR_MEDIA) /**< attr name length */
/** @} */
/**
* @name Title attribute
* @{
*/
#define LF_ATTR_TITLE "title" /**< attr name */
#define LF_ATTR_TITLE_S _P_SIZE(LF_ATTR_TITLE) /**< attr name length */
/** @} */
/**
* @name Title extended attribute
* @{
*/
#define LF_ATTR_TITLE_EXT "title*" /**< attr name */
#define LF_ATTR_TITLE_EXT_S _P_SIZE(LF_ATTR_TITLE_EXT) /**< attr name length */
/** @} */
/**
* @name Type attribute
* @{
*/
#define LF_ATTR_TYPE "type" /**< attr name */
#define LF_ATTR_TYPE_S _P_SIZE(LF_ATTR_TYPE) /**< attr name length */
/** @} */
/**
* @name Resource type attribute
* @{
*/
#define LF_ATTR_RES_TYPE "rt" /**< attr name */
#define LF_ATTR_RES_TYPE_S _P_SIZE(LF_ATTR_RES_TYPE) /**< attr name length */
/** @} */
/**
* @name Interface description attribute
* @{
*/
#define LF_ATTR_IF_DESC "if" /**< attr name */
#define LF_ATTR_IF_DESC_S _P_SIZE(LF_ATTR_IF_DESC) /**< attr name length */
/** @} */
/**
* @name Size attribute
* @{
*/
#define LF_ATTR_SIZE "sz" /**< attr name */
#define LF_ATTR_SIZE_S _P_SIZE(LF_ATTR_SIZE) /**< attr name length */
/** @} */
/**
* @name Content-format attribute
* @{
*/
#define LF_ATTR_CT "ct" /**< attr name */
#define LF_ATTR_CT_S _P_SIZE(LF_ATTR_CT) /**< attr name length */
/** @} */
/**
* @name Observable attribute
* @{
*/
#define LF_ATTR_OBS "obs" /**< attr name */
#define LF_ATTR_OBS_S _P_SIZE(LF_ATTR_OBS) /**< attr name length */
/** @} */
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif /* CLIF_INTERNAL_H */
/** @} */

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sys/include/clif.h Normal file
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/*
* Copyright (C) 2019 HAW Hamburg
*
* This file is subject to the terms and conditions of the GNU Lesser
* General Public License v2.1. See the file LICENSE in the top level
* directory for more details.
*/
/**
* @defgroup sys_clif CoRE Link Format
* @ingroup sys_serialization
* @brief Simple encoding and decoding of CoRE Link Format (RFC 6690)
* strings
* @see RFC 6690: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6690
*
* clif provides a high-level API for CoRE Link Format encoding and decoding of
* links, through the @ref clif_encode_link and @ref clif_decode_link
* respectively.
*
* The high-level API is built on top of low-level functions provided by clif,
* such as @ref clif_add_target, @ref clif_add_attr, and @ref clif_get_attr.
* Also, some convenience functions like @ref clif_get_attr_type,
* @ref clif_attr_type_to_str and @ref clif_init_attr are provided, to
* facilitate the work with links.
*
* ### Decoding
* @ref clif_decode_link takes a buffer which contains an encoded link and
* returns the information of it in a @ref clif_t structure and each attribute
* in a @ref clif_attr_t structure of a given array.
*
* ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ {.c}
* // A buffer 'input_buf' of length 'input_len' contains the links to decode
* clif_attr_t out_attrs[ATTRS_NUM];
* clif_t out_links[LINKS_NUM];
*
* const char *pos = input_buf;
* unsigned links_numof = 0;
* unsigned attrs_numof = 0;
*
* while (pos < &input_buf[input_len]) {
* ssize_t res = clif_decode_link(&out_links[links_numof],
* &out_attrs[attrs_numof],
* ATTRS_NUM - attrs_numof, pos,
* &input_buf[input_len]- pos);
* if (res < 0) {
* break;
* }
* pos += res;
* attrs_numof += out_links[links_numof].attrs_len;
* links_numof++;
* }
* ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
*
* ### Encoding
* @ref clif_encode_link encodes a given link into a buffer, it can be called
* with a NULL pointer, in that case it will only calculate the amount of bytes
* needed to encode the link. After every call to this function a separator
* needs to be added to the buffer.
*
* ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ {.c}
* // A 'links' array of clif_t, of length 'links_len' contains the links to encode
* char out[OUT_SIZE];
* ssize_t res;
* size_t pos = 0;
*
* for (unsigned i = 0; i < links_len; i++) {
* if (i) {
* res = clif_add_link_separator(&out[pos], OUT_SIZE - pos);
* if (res <= 0) {
* break;
* }
* pos += res;
* }
*
* res = clif_encode_link(&links[i], &out[pos], OUT_SIZE - pos);
* if (res <= 0) {
* break;
* }
* pos += res;
* }
* ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
*
* @note 'attribute', in this module, extends to the term 'link-param' on the
* ABNF in [section 2 of RFC 6690](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6690#section-2).
*
* @{
*
* @file
* @brief CoRE Link Format encoding and decoding library public
* definitions
*
* @author Leandro Lanzieri <leandro.lanzieri@haw-hamburg.de>
*/
#ifndef CLIF_H
#define CLIF_H
#include <sys/types.h>
#include "clif_internal.h"
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
/**
* @brief Return types for the @ref sys_clif API
*/
enum {
CLIF_OK = 0, /**< success */
CLIF_NO_SPACE = -1, /**< not enough space in the buffer */
CLIF_NOT_FOUND = -2 /**< could not find a component in a buffer */
};
/**
* @brief Types of link format attributes
*/
typedef enum {
CLIF_ATTR_ANCHOR = 0, /**< anchor */
CLIF_ATTR_REL = 1, /**< rel */
CLIF_ATTR_LANG = 2, /**< hreflang */
CLIF_ATTR_MEDIA = 3, /**< media */
CLIF_ATTR_TITLE = 4, /**< title */
CLIF_ATTR_TITLE_EXT = 5, /**< title* */
CLIF_ATTR_TYPE = 6, /**< type */
CLIF_ATTR_RT = 7, /**< rt */
CLIF_ATTR_IF = 8, /**< if */
CLIF_ATTR_SZ = 9, /**< sz */
CLIF_ATTR_CT = 10, /**< ct */
CLIF_ATTR_OBS = 11, /**< obs */
CLIF_ATTR_EXT = 12 /**< extensions */
} clif_attr_type_t;
/**
* @brief Link format attribute descriptor
*/
typedef struct {
char *value; /**< string with the value */
unsigned value_len; /**< length of the value */
const char *key; /**< attribute name */
unsigned key_len; /**< length of the attribute name */
} clif_attr_t;
/**
* @brief Link format descriptor
*/
typedef struct {
char *target; /**< target string */
unsigned target_len; /**< length of target string */
clif_attr_t *attrs; /**< array of attributes */
unsigned attrs_len; /**< size of array of attributes */
} clif_t;
/**
* @brief Encodes a given link in link format into a given buffer
*
* @pre `link != NULL`
*
* @param[in] link link to encode.Must not be NULL.
* @param[out] buf buffer to output the encoded link. Can be NULL
* @param[in] maxlen size of @p buf
*
* @note If @p buf is NULL this will return the amount of bytes that would be
* needed
*
* @return amount of bytes used from @p buf in success
* @return CLIF_NO_SPACE if there is not enough space in the buffer
*/
ssize_t clif_encode_link(const clif_t *link, char *buf, size_t maxlen);
/**
* @brief Decodes a string of link format. It decodes the first occurrence of
* a link.
*
* @pre `(link != NULL) && (buf != NULL)`
*
* @param[out] link link to populate. Must not be NULL.
* @param[out] attrs array of attrs to populate
* @param[in] attrs_len length of @p attrs
* @param[in] buf string to decode. Must not be NULL.
* @param[in] maxlen size of @p buf
*
* @return number of bytes parsed from @p buf in success
* @return CLIF_NOT_FOUND if the string is malformed
*/
ssize_t clif_decode_link(clif_t *link, clif_attr_t *attrs, unsigned attrs_len,
const char *buf, size_t maxlen);
/**
* @brief Adds a given @p target to a given buffer @p buf using link format
*
* @pre `target != NULL`
*
* @param[in] target string containing the path to the resource. Must not be
* NULL.
* @param[out] buf buffer to output the formatted path. Can be NULL
* @param[in] maxlen size of @p buf
*
* @note If @p buf is NULL this will return the amount of bytes that would be
* needed
*
* @return in success the amount of bytes used in the buffer
* @return CLIF_NO_SPACE if there is not enough space in the buffer
*/
ssize_t clif_add_target(const char *target, char *buf, size_t maxlen);
/**
* @brief Adds a given @p attr to a given buffer @p buf using link format
*
* @pre `(attr != NULL) && (attr->key != NULL)`
*
* @param[in] attr pointer to the attribute to add. Must not be NULL, and
* must contain a key.
* @param[out] buf buffer to add the attribute to. Can be NULL
* @param[in] maxlen size of @p buf
*
* @note
* - If @p buf is NULL this will return the amount of bytes that would be
* needed.
* - If the lengths of the key or the value of the attribute are not
* defined a NULL-terminated string will be assumed, and it will be
* calculated.
*
* @return amount of bytes used from the buffer if successful
* @return CLIF_NO_SPACE if there is not enough space in the buffer
*/
ssize_t clif_add_attr(clif_attr_t *attr, char *buf, size_t maxlen);
/**
* @brief Adds the link separator character to a given @p buf, using link
* format
*
* @param[out] buf buffer to add the separator to. Can be NULL
* @param[in] maxlen size of @p buf
*
* @note If @p buf is NULL this will return the amount of bytes that would be
* needed
*
* @return amount of bytes used from buffer if successful
* @return CLIF_NO_SPACE if there is not enough space in the buffer
*/
ssize_t clif_add_link_separator(char *buf, size_t maxlen);
/**
* @brief Looks for a the target URI of a given link.
*
* @pre `input != NULL`
*
* @param[in] input string where to look for the target. It should only
* be ONE link. Must not be NULL.
* @param[in] input_len length of @p input.
* @param[out] output if a target is found this will point to the
* beginning of it
*
* @return length of the target if found
* @return CLIF_NOT_FOUND if no valid target is found
*/
ssize_t clif_get_target(const char *input, size_t input_len, char **output);
/**
* @brief Looks for the first attribute in a given link.
*
* @pre `(input != NULL) && (attr != NULL)`
*
* @note In order to consider that the string contains a valid attribute,
* @p input should start with the attribute separator character ';'.
*
* @param[in] input string where to look for the attribute. It should
* only be ONE link. Must not be NULL.
* @param[in] input_len length of @p input
* @param[out] attr pointer to store the found attribute information.
* Must not be NULL.
*
* @return length of the attribute in the buffer if found
* @return CLIF_NOT_FOUND if no valid attribute is found
*/
ssize_t clif_get_attr(const char *input, size_t input_len, clif_attr_t *attr);
/**
* @brief Returns the attribute type of a given string.
*
* @pre `(input != NULL) && (input_len > 0)`
*
* @param[in] input string containing the attribute name. Must not be NULL.
* @param[in] input_len length of @p input. Must be greater than 0.
*
* @return type of the attribute
*/
clif_attr_type_t clif_get_attr_type(const char *input, size_t input_len);
/**
* @brief Returns a constant string of a given attribute type
*
* @param[in] type type of the attribute
* @param[out] str pointer to store the string pointer
*
* @return length of the string
* @return CLIF_NOT_FOUND if the type is an extension or unknown
*/
ssize_t clif_attr_type_to_str(clif_attr_type_t type, const char **str);
/**
* @brief Initializes the key of a given attribute according to a given type.
*
* @param[out] attr attribute to initialize
* @param[in] type type of the attribute
*
* @return 0 if successful
* @return <0 otherwise
*/
int clif_init_attr(clif_attr_t *attr, clif_attr_type_t type);
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif /* CLIF_H */
/** @} */