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162 lines
5.6 KiB
Plaintext
162 lines
5.6 KiB
Plaintext
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/**
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@defgroup boards_common_blxxxpill Common code for bluepill and blackpill
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@ingroup boards_common
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@brief Support for cheap stm32f103c8 based boards such as bluepill and blackpill.
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## Overview
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The bluepill and the blackpill are STM32F103 based board which can be bought for
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around 2€ on sides like AliExpress, eBay and others. Although the STM32F130C8
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MCU nominally has 64 KiB flash, most [actually have 128 KiB flash][Flashsize].
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There are also versions that only report to have 32 KiB, but actually have
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64 KiB.
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## Hardware
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### MCU
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| MCU | STM32F103C8 |
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|:----------|:--------------------------|
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| Family | ARM Cortex-M3 |
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| Vendor | STMicroelectronics |
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| RAM | 20 KiB |
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| Flash | 32 KiB/ 64 KiB / 128 KiB |
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| Frequency | up to 72 MHz |
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| Timer | 3x 16-Bit |
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| ADC | 2x 12-bit, 10 channels |
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| UART | 3 |
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| SPI | 2 |
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| I2C | 2 |
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| CAN | 1 |
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| Vcc | 2.0 to 3.6 V |
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| Datasheet | [Datasheet][Datasheet] |
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## Implementation Status
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| ID | Supported |
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|:----- |:--------- |
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| GPIO | yes |
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| PWM | yes |
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| UART | yes |
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| ADC | yes |
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| I2C | yes |
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| SPI | yes |
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| USB | no |
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| Timer | yes |
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| CAN | no |
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## Flashing
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To program and debug the board you need a SWD capable debugger. The
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easiest way is using [OpenOCD][OpenOCD]. By default RIOT uses the hardware
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reset signal and connects to the chip under reset for flashing. This is
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required to reliably connect to the device even when the MCU is in a low power
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mode. Therefore not only SWDIO and SWCLK, but also the RST pin of your
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debugger need to be connected to the board. Once the device is connected to
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the debugger and OpenOCD is installed, you can flash the device with:
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$ make BOARD=bluepill flash
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Or for the blackpill with:
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$ make BOARD=blackpill flash
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### Additional Flash
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To make use of the entire 128 KiB flash, compile and flash your application
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with:
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$ make BOARD=bluepill-128kib flash
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Or for the blackpill with:
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$ make BOARD=blackpill-128kib flash
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This sets the `CPU_MODEL` make variable to `stm32f103cb`, the default
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value is `stm32f103c8`. These two CPU models basically only have one
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major difference, the former has 128 KiB flash while the latter has 64
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KiB.
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Flashing for the 128KiB version currently (as of September 2019) requires the
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development version of OpenOCD.
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## Connecting via Serial
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The default UART port used is UART2, which uses pins A2 (TX) and A3 (RX).
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To use it, configure your UART to operate at a baudrate of 115200/8N1.
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## Using PWM
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PWM is available at pins A8 to A11.
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## Known Issues
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### USB connector
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The Micro-USB port is sometimes not soldered properly. Also, it is
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usually equipped with an incorrect resistor. [This can be fixed multiple
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ways][USB].
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### Flashing fails
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Please check whether the debugger is properly connected, including the hardware
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reset signal pin.
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| Pin on Debugger | Pin on Blue Pill |
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|:------------------ |:---------------- |
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| SWDIO | DIO |
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| SWCLK | DCLK |
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| NRST | R |
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| GND | GND |
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| VDD (3.3V) (*) | 3.3 |
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| Target VCC (**) | 3.3 |
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- (*) Most debuggers have a 3.3V supply voltage to power the board. You can
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alternatively power the board using the TTL-Adapter or via Micro-USB.
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- (**) Some debuggers monitor the voltage of the target MCU. Their target VCC
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pin needs to be connected to one of the 3.3V pins of the boards.
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Most very cheap SWD debuggers (especially those imported for about 2€ from far
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east) do not have a Target VCC pin; they will still work just fine. On these
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cheap debuggers the pin to send the reset signal to the board is often either
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not present or defunct. You can work around this by pressing the reset button
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when OpenOCD wants to connect to the Blue Pill. Hit the reset button again after
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flashing in order to boot the newly flashed image.
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## Where to buy
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The board is sold under different names. On some sites it is called
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`bluepill` or `blue pill`. On others you might find it by searching for
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`stm32f103c8` or `stm32f103c8t6`.
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Try [eBay][eBay] or [AliExpress][AliExpress].
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## Further reading
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* http://wiki.stm32duino.com/index.php?title=Blue_Pill
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* http://wiki.stm32duino.com/index.php?title=Maple_Mini#Clones
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* http://www.st.com/content/st_com/en/products/microcontrollers/stm32-32-bit-
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arm-cortex-mcus/stm32-mainstream-mcus/stm32f1-series/stm32f103/stm32f103c8.html
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[Datasheet]: http://www.st.com/content/ccc/resource/technical/document/datash
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eet/33/d4/6f/1d/df/0b/4c/6d/CD00161566.pdf/files/CD00161566.pdf/jcr:content/tran
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slations/en.CD00161566.pdf
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[Flashsize]:
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http://wiki.stm32duino.com/index.php?title=Blue_Pill#128_KB_flash_on_C8_version
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[eBay]: https://www.ebay.com/sch/i.html?_nkw=stm32f103c8
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[AliExpress]: https://www.aliexpress.com/wholesale?SearchText=STM32F103C8T6
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[OpenOCD]: https://github.com/RIOT-OS/RIOT/wiki/OpenOCD
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[USB]:
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http://wiki.stm32duino.com/index.php?title=Blue_Pill#Hardware_installation
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[imgTop]:
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http://wiki.stm32duino.com/images/thumb/1/19/STM32_Blue_Pill_top.jpg/800px-
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STM32_Blue_Pill_top.jpg
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*/
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